SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ的5种模式实战

一、环境准备

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1、pom依赖

<!-- 父工程依赖 -->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.6.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2、配置文件

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.131.171
    port: 5672
    username: jihu
    password: jihu
    virtual-host: /jihu

3、启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class RabbitMQApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SpringApplication.run(RabbitMQApplication.class);
   }
}

5、Swagger2类

@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2 {
    // http://127.0.0.1:8080/swagger-ui.html
    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.jihu"))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build();
    }

    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("极狐-Spring Boot中使用spring-boot-starter-amqp集成rabbitmq")
                .description("测试SpringBoot整合进行各种工作模式信息的发送")
/*
	                .termsOfServiceUrl("https://www.jianshu.com/p/c79f6a14f6c9")
*/
                .contact("roykingw")
                .version("1.0")
                .build();
    }
}

6、ProducerController

@RestController
public class ProducerController {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //helloWorld 直连模式
    @ApiOperation(value = "helloWorld发送接口", notes = "直接发送到队列")
    @GetMapping(value = "/helloWorldSend")
    public Object helloWorldSend(String message) throws AmqpException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        //设置部分请求参数
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN);

        //发消息
        rabbitTemplate.send("helloWorldqueue", new Message(message.getBytes("UTF-8"), messageProperties));
        return "message sended : " + message;
    }


    //工作队列模式
    @ApiOperation(value = "workqueue发送接口", notes = "发送到所有监听该队列的消费")
    @GetMapping(value = "/workqueueSend")
    public Object workqueueSend(String message) throws AmqpException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN);
        //制造多个消息进行发送操作
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            rabbitTemplate.send("work_sb_mq_q", new Message(message.getBytes("UTF-8"), messageProperties));
        }
        return "message sended : " + message;
    }


    // pub/sub 发布订阅模式   交换机类型 fanout
    @ApiOperation(value = "fanout发送接口", notes = "发送到fanoutExchange。消息将往该exchange下的所有queue转发")
    @GetMapping(value = "/fanoutSend")
    public Object fanoutSend(String message) throws AmqpException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN);
        //fanout模式只往exchange里发送消息。分发到exchange下的所有queue
        rabbitTemplate.send("fanoutExchange", "", new Message(message.getBytes("UTF-8"), messageProperties));
        return "message sended : " + message;
    }


    //routing路由工作模式  交换机类型 direct
    @ApiOperation(value = "direct发送接口", notes = "发送到directExchange。exchange转发消息时，会往routingKey匹配的queue发送")
    @GetMapping(value = "/directSend")
    public Object routingSend(String routingKey, String message) throws AmqpException, UnsupportedEncodingException {

        if (null == routingKey) {
            routingKey = "china.changsha";
        }
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN);
        //fanout模式只往exchange里发送消息。分发到exchange下的所有queue
        rabbitTemplate.send("directExchange", routingKey, new Message(message.getBytes("UTF-8"), messageProperties));
        return "message sended : routingKey >" + routingKey + ";message > " + message;
    }


    //topic 工作模式   交换机类型 topic
    @ApiOperation(value = "topic发送接口", notes = "发送到topicExchange。exchange转发消息时，会往routingKey匹配的queue发送，*代表一个单词，#代表0个或多个单词。")
    @GetMapping(value = "/topicSend")
    public Object topicSend(String routingKey, String message) throws AmqpException, UnsupportedEncodingException {

        if (null == routingKey) {
            routingKey = "changsha.kf";
        }
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN);
        //fanout模式只往exchange里发送消息。分发到exchange下的所有queue
        rabbitTemplate.send("topicExchange", routingKey, new Message(message.getBytes("UTF-8"), messageProperties));
        return "message sended : routingKey >" + routingKey + ";message > " + message;
    }

}

7、ConcumerReceiver

@Component
public class ConcumerReceiver {


    //直连模式的多个消费者，会分到其中一个消费者进行消费。类似task模式
    //通过注入RabbitContainerFactory对象，来设置一些属性，相当于task里的channel.basicQos
    @RabbitListener(queues = "helloWorldqueue")
    public void helloWorldReceive(String message) {

        System.out.println("helloWorld模式 received message : " + message);
    }

    //工作队列模式
    @RabbitListener(queues = "work_sb_mq_q")
    public void wordQueueReceiveq1(String message) {

        System.out.println("工作队列模式1 received message : " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "work_sb_mq_q")
    public void wordQueueReceiveq2(String message) {

        System.out.println("工作队列模式2 received message : " + message);
    }


    //pub/sub模式进行消息监听
    @RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.q1")
    public void fanoutReceiveq1(String message) {

        System.out.println("发布订阅模式1received message : " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.q2")
    public void fanoutReceiveq2(String message) {

        System.out.println("发布订阅模式2 received message : " + message);
    }


    //Routing路由模式
    @RabbitListener(queues = "direct_sb_mq_q1")
    public void routingReceiveq1(String message) {

        System.out.println("Routing路由模式routingReceiveq11111 received message : " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "direct_sb_mq_q2")
    public void routingReceiveq2(String message) {

        System.out.println("Routing路由模式routingReceiveq22222 received message : " + message);
    }


    //topic 模式
    //注意这个模式会有优先匹配原则。例如发送routingKey=hunan.IT,那匹配到hunan.*(hunan.IT,hunan.eco),之后就不会再去匹配*.ITd
    @RabbitListener(queues = "topic_sb_mq_q1")
    public void topicReceiveq1(String message) {
        System.out.println("Topic模式 topic_sb_mq_q1 received message : " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "topic_sb_mq_q2")
    public void topicReceiveq2(String message) {
        System.out.println("Topic模式 topic_sb_mq_q2 received  message : " + message);
    }

}

二、简单模式

队列配置：

/**
 * HelloWorld rabbitmq第一个工作模式
 * 直连模式只需要声明队列，所有消息都通过队列转发。
 * 无需设置交换机
 */
@Configuration
public class HelloWorldConfig {

	@Bean
	public Queue setQueue() {
		return new Queue("helloWorldqueue");
	}
}

三、工作队列模式

@Configuration
public class WorkConfig {

    //声明队列
    @Bean
    public Queue workQ1() {
        return new Queue("work_sb_mq_q");
    }
}

四、广播模式（Fanout）

/**
 * Fanout模式需要声明exchange，并绑定queue，由exchange负责转发到queue上。
 * 广播模式 交换机类型设置为：fanout
 */
@Configuration
public class FanoutConfig {

	//声明队列
	@Bean
	public Queue fanoutQ1() {
		return new Queue("fanout.q1");
	}
	@Bean
	public Queue fanoutQ2() {
		return new Queue("fanout.q2");
	}


	//声明exchange
	@Bean
	public FanoutExchange setFanoutExchange() {
		return new FanoutExchange("fanoutExchange");
	}


	//声明Binding,exchange与queue的绑定关系
	@Bean
	public Binding bindQ1() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQ1()).to(setFanoutExchange());
	}
	@Bean
	public Binding bindQ2() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQ2()).to(setFanoutExchange());
	}
}

五、直连模式（Direct）

/*
   路由模式|Routing模式   交换机类型：direct
*/
@Configuration
public class DirectConfig {

	//声明队列
	@Bean
	public Queue directQ1() {
		return new Queue("direct_sb_mq_q1");
	}
	@Bean
	public Queue directQ2() {
		return new Queue("direct_sb_mq_q2");
	}


	//声明exchange
	@Bean
	public DirectExchange setDirectExchange() {
		return new DirectExchange("directExchange");
	}

	//声明binding，需要声明一个routingKey
	@Bean
	public Binding bindDirectBind1() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(directQ1()).to(setDirectExchange()).with("china.changsha");
	}
	@Bean
	public Binding bindDirectBind2() {
			return BindingBuilder.bind(directQ2()).to(setDirectExchange()).with("china.beijing");
	}

}

六、通配符模式（Topic）

/*
Topics模式  交换机类型 topic
* */
@Configuration
public class TopicConfig {

	//声明队列
	@Bean
	public Queue topicQ1() {
		return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q1");
	}
	@Bean
	public Queue topicQ2() {
		return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q2");
	}


	//声明exchange
	@Bean
	public TopicExchange setTopicExchange() {
		return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
	}

	//声明binding，需要声明一个roytingKey
	@Bean
	public Binding bindTopicHebei1() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ1()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("changsha.*");
	}
	@Bean
	public Binding bindTopicHebei2() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ2()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("#.beijing");
	}
}

测试

我们启动上面的SpringBoot项目。

然后我们访问swagger地址：http://127.0.0.1:8080/swagger-ui.html

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然后我们就可以使用swagger测试接口了。

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或者可以使用postman进行测试。

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编程技巧

目录

一、环境准备

二、简单模式

三、工作队列模式

四、广播模式（Fanout）

五、直连模式（Direct）

六、通配符模式（Topic）