PHP使用PhpSpreadsheet操作Excel实例详解

本文实例讲述了PHP使用PhpSpreadsheet操作Excel。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

一、PhpSpreadsheet 介绍

1、PhpSpreadsheet 是什么

PhpSpreadsheet是一个用纯PHP编写的库，提供了一组类，使您可以读取和写入不同的电子表格文件格式
PhpSpreadsheet提供了丰富的API接口，可以设置诸多单元格以及文档属性，包括样式、图片、日期、函数等等诸多应用，总之你想要什么样的Excel表格，PhpSpreadsheet都能做到

使用 PhpSpreadsheet 开发的PHP要求 7.1或更高版本
PhpSpreadsheet 支持链式操作

2、PhpSpreadsheet 支持的文件格式

在这里插入图片描述

3、PhpSpreadsheet 官方网址

https://phpspreadsheet.readthedocs.io

4、PhpSpreadsheet 安装

composer require phpoffice/phpspreadsheet

二、基础知识

1、载入

<?php
  # 载入composer自动加载文件 require 瑞块儿
  require 'vendor/autoload.php'; autoload 奥特老特
  # 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
  use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
  # 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
  $spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();

2、获取工作簿

getActiveSheet

<?php
  # 载入composer自动加载文件
  require 'vendor/autoload.php';
  # 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
  use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
  # 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
  $spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
  # 获取活动工作薄
  $sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

3、获取单元格

两种获取单元格方式
getCell
getCellByColumnAndRow

<?php
  # 载入composer自动加载文件
  require 'vendor/autoload.php';
  # 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
  use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
  # 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
  $spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
  # 获取活动工作薄
  $sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
  # 获取单元格
  $cell = $sheet->getCell('A1');
  $cell = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(1,1);

4、设置单元格

setValue
参数：单元格的值

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	# 获取单元格
	$cellA = $sheet->getCell('A1');
	# 设置单元格值
	$cellA->setValue('欧阳克');

	# 获取单元格
	$cellB = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(1,2);
	# 设置单元格值
	$cellB->setValue('黄蓉');

	# 获取设置单元格，链式操作
	$sheet->getCell('A3')->setValue('郭靖');
	$sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(1,4)->setValue('杨康');

5、获取单元格值

getValue 获取单元格值
getCoordinate 获取单元格坐标

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	# 获取单元格
	$cellA = $sheet->getCell('A1');
	# 设置单元格值
	$cellA->setValue('欧阳克');

	echo '值: ', $cellA->getValue(),PHP_EOL;
	echo '坐标: ', $cellA->getCoordinate();

6、保存表格

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	# 获取单元格
	$cellA = $sheet->getCell('A1');
	# 设置单元格值
	$cellA->setValue('欧阳克');

	# 获取单元格
	$cellB = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(1,2);
	# 设置单元格值
	$cellB->setValue('黄蓉');

	# 获取设置单元格，链式操作
	$sheet->getCell('A3')->setValue('郭靖');
	$sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(1,4)->setValue('杨康');

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

三、强化单元格

1、设置单元格

setCellValue
参数1：单元格位置
参数2：单元格的值
setCellValueByColumnAndRow
参数1：列位置
参数2：行位置
参数3：单元格的值

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 3, 2);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 3, '黄蓉');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 3, '17岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 3, '165cm');

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

2、单元格文字样式

getStyle 获取单元格样式
getFont 获取单元格文字样式
setBold 设置文字粗细
setName 设置文字字体
setSize 设置文字大小

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 3, 2);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 3, '黄蓉');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 3, '17岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 3, '165cm');

	$sheet->getStyle('B2')->getFont()->setBold(true)->setName('宋体')->setSize(20);

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

3、单元格文字颜色

getColor() 获取坐标颜色
setRGB() 设置字体颜色
getRGB() 获取字体颜色
setARGB() 设置字体颜色
getARGB() 获取字体颜色

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 3, 2);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 3, '黄蓉');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 3, '17岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 3, '165cm');

	$sheet->getStyle('B2')->getFont()->getColor()->setRGB('#AEEEEE');
	echo $sheet->getStyle('B2')->getFont()->getColor()->getRGB(),PHP_EOL;

	$sheet->getStyle('B3')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB('FFFF0000');
	echo $sheet->getStyle('B3')->getFont()->getColor()->getARGB();

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

4、单元格格式

getNumberFormat 获取格式
setFormatCode 设置格式

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','2019-10-10 10:10:10');
	$sheet->setCellValue('A2','2019-10-10 10:10:10');
	$sheet->getStyle('A2')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat::FORMAT_DATE_YYYYMMDD2);

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

setWrapText 设置文本里的\n符合为：换行

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1',"欧阳克\n黄蓉");
	$sheet->getStyle('A1')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true);

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

getHyperlink 获取单元格链接
setUrl 设置单元格链接

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','www.php.cn');
	$sheet->getCell('A1')->getHyperlink()->setUrl('http://www.php.cn');

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

四、批量操作

1、使用公式

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','10');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','15');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','20');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','25');
	$sheet->setCellValue('E1','30');
	$sheet->setCellValue('G1','35');
	$sheet->setCellValue('A2', '总数：');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B2', '=SUM(A1:G1)');
	$sheet->setCellValue('A3', '平均数：');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B3', '=AVERAGE(A1:G1)');
	$sheet->setCellValue('A4', '最小数：');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B4', '=MIN(A1:G1)');
	$sheet->setCellValue('A5', '最大数：');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B5', '=MAX(A1:G1)');
	$sheet->setCellValue('A6', '最大数：');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B6', '\=MAX(A1:G1)');	// 使用转义字符

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

2、批量赋值

fromArray 从数组中的值填充工作表
参数1：数据(数组)
参数2：去除某个值
参数3：从哪个位置开始

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->fromArray(
		[
			[1,'欧阳克','18岁','188cm'],
			[2,'黄蓉','17岁','165cm'],
			[3,'郭靖','21岁','180cm']
		],
		3,
		'A2'
	);

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

3、合并单元格

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->mergeCells('A1:B5');

	$sheet->getCell('A1')->setValue('欧阳克');

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

合并后，赋值只能给A1，开始的坐标。

4、拆分单元格

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->mergeCells('A1:B5');

	$sheet->unmergeCells('A1:B5');

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

5、列和行操作

getColumnDimension 获取一列
getWidth 获取一列的宽度
setWidth 设置一列的宽度
setAutoSize 设置一列的宽度自动调整
getDefaultColumnDimension 获取一列的默认值

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	echo $sheet->getColumnDimension('A')->getWidth();

	$sheet->getColumnDimension('A')->setWidth(100);

	$sheet->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);

	$sheet->getDefaultColumnDimension()->setWidth(1);

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

getRowDimension 获取一行
getRowHeight 获取一行的高度
setRowHeight 设置一行的高度

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	echo $sheet->getRowDimension(1)->getRowHeight();

	$sheet->getRowDimension(1)->setRowHeight(100);

	$sheet->getDefaultRowDimension()->setRowHeight(1);

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

getHighestColumn 获取总列数
getHighestRow 获取总行数

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 3, 2);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 3, '黄蓉');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 3, '17岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 3, '165cm');

	echo $sheet->getHighestColumn();
	echo $sheet->getHighestRow();

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

6、单元格样式

applyFromArray

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	$styleArray = [
		// use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment; 文件里常量，就是参数
		// Alignment::HORIZONTAL_CENTER 水平居中
		// Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER	垂直居中
		'alignment' => [
			// 'horizontal' => Alignment::HORIZONTAL_CENTER, //水平居中
			// 'vertical' => Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER, //垂直居中
			'horizontal' => 'center', //水平居中
			'vertical' => 'center', //垂直居中
		],
		// use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border; 文件里常量，就是参数
		// Border::BORDER_THICK 边框样式
		'borders' => [
			'outline' => [
				// 'borderStyle' => '\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border::BORDER_THICK',
				'borderStyle' => 'thick',
				'color' => ['argb' => 'FFFF0000'],
			],
		],
		'font' => [
			'name' => '黑体',
			'bold' => true,
			'size' => 22
		]
	];

	$sheet->getStyle('A1')->applyFromArray($styleArray);

	# Xlsx类 将电子表格保存到文件
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
	$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
	$writer->save('1.xlsx');

五、工作薄操作

1、xlsx 文件下载

IOFactory::createWriter 写入到文件

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	// MIME 协议，文件的类型，不设置，会默认html
	header('Content-Type:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
	// MIME 协议的扩展
	header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=1.xlsx');
	// 缓存控制
	header('Cache-Control:max-age=0');

	$writer = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createWriter($spreadsheet, 'Xlsx');
	// php://output 它是一个只写数据流, 允许你以 print 和 echo一样的方式写入到输出缓冲区。 
	$writer->save('php://output');

2、xls 文件下载

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	$filename = '1.xls';
	header('Content-Type:application/vnd.ms-excel');
	header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=1.xls');
	header('Cache-Control:max-age=0');

	$writer = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createWriter($spreadsheet, 'Xls');
	$writer->save('php://output');

3、设置工作簿标题

setTitle

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','姓名');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','年龄');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','身高');

	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 2, 1);
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(2, 2, '欧阳克');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(3, 2, '18岁');
	$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(4, 2, '188cm');

	$sheet->setTitle('欧阳克');

	// MIME 协议，文件的类型，不设置，会默认html
	header('Content-Type:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
	// MIME 协议的扩展
	header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=1.xlsx');
	// 缓存控制
	header('Cache-Control:max-age=0');

	$writer = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createWriter($spreadsheet, 'Xlsx');
	// php://output 它是一个只写数据流, 允许你以 print 和 echo一样的方式写入到输出缓冲区。 
	$writer->save('php://output');

4、读取表格

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';

	# 创建读操作
	$reader = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createReader('Xlsx');
	# 打开文件、载入excel表格
	$spreadsheet = $reader->load('1.xlsx');
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	# 获取 单元格值 和 坐标
	$cellC1 = $sheet->getCell('B2');
	echo '值: ', $cellC1->getValue(),PHP_EOL;
	echo '坐标: ', $cellC1->getCoordinate(),PHP_EOL;

	$sheet->setCellValue('B2','欧阳锋');

	# 获取 单元格值 和 坐标
	$cellC2 = $sheet->getCell('B2');
	echo '值: ', $cellC2->getValue(),PHP_EOL;
	echo '坐标: ', $cellC2->getCoordinate();

六、office 后缀对应的 content-type

后缀	MIME Type
.doc	application/msword
.dot	application/msword
.docx	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.dotx	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template
.docm	application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12
.dotm	application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12
.xls	application/vnd.ms-excel
.xlt	application/vnd.ms-excel
.xla	application/vnd.ms-excel
.xlsx	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
.xltx	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template
.xlsm	application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12
.xltm	application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12
.xlam	application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12
.xlsb	application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12
.ppt	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.pot	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.pps	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppa	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.pptx	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
.potx	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template
.ppsx	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow
.ppam	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12
.pptm	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12
.potm	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12
.ppsm	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12

七、实战

1、导出数据

login_log 登陆日志表

CREATE TABLE `login_log` (
	`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`uid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '管理员ID',
	`client` tinyint(4) unsigned DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0-PC 1-ios 2-android',
	`add_time` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '创建时间',
	`ip` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '登录IP',
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1122 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='登录日志';

index.php 数据列表页面

<?php 
	# 载入方法库
	require 'function.php';

	$select = select('login_log','*');

	if(empty($select)){
		exit;
	}else{
		foreach($select as &$v){
			switch ($v['client']) {
				case 0:
					$v['client'] = 'PC电脑';
					break;
				case 1:
					$v['client'] = '苹果手机';
					break;
				case 2:
					$v['client'] = '安卓手机';
					break;
			}
			$v['add_time'] = date('Y-m-d H:i:s',$v['add_time']);
		}
	}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>导出数据</title>
		<link rel="stylesheet" href="layui/css/layui.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
	</head>
	<body>
		<div style="text-align:center;">
			<a href="download.php" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="layui-btn layui-btn-radius layui-btn-danger">导出数据</a>
		</div>
		<table class="layui-table">
			<thead>
				<tr>
					<th>ID</th>
					<th>用户ID</th>
					<th>登陆设备</th>
					<th>登陆时间</th>
					<th>登陆ip</th>
				</tr> 
			</thead>
			<tbody>
				<?php 
					foreach($select as $v){
				?>
					<tr>
						<td><?php echo $v['id'] ?></td>
						<td><?php echo $v['uid'] ?></td>
						<td><?php echo $v['client'] ?></td>
						<td><?php echo $v['add_time'] ?></td>
						<td><?php echo $v['ip'] ?></td>
					</tr>
				<?php 
					} 
				?>
			</tbody>
		</table>
	</body>
</html>

download.php 导出操作

<?php 
	# 载入方法库
	require 'function.php';

	$select = select('login_log','*');

	if(empty($select)){
		exit;
	}else{
		foreach($select as &$v){
			switch ($v['client']) {
				case 0:
					$v['client'] = 'PC电脑';
					break;
				case 1:
					$v['client'] = '苹果手机';
					break;
				case 2:
					$v['client'] = '安卓手机';
					break;
			}
			$v['add_time'] = date('Y-m-d H:i:s',$v['add_time']);
		}
	}
	
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','用户ID');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','登陆设备');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','登陆时间');
	$sheet->setCellValue('E1','登陆ip');
	$sheet->fromArray(
		$select,
		null,
		'A2'
	);

	// MIME 协议，文件的类型，不设置，会默认html
	header('Content-Type:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
	// MIME 协议的扩展
	header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=1.xlsx');
	// 缓存控制
	header('Cache-Control:max-age=0');

	$writer = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createWriter($spreadsheet, 'Xlsx');
	// php://output 它是一个只写数据流, 允许你以 print 和 echo一样的方式写入到输出缓冲区。 
	$writer->save('php://output');
?>

2、导入数据

数据库

# 商品分类表
CREATE TABLE `shop_cat` (
	`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
	`pid` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '父ID',
	`name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '分类名',
	`status` tinyint(1) unsigned DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '状态 1开启 0关闭',
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='分类表';

INSERT INTO `shop_cat` VALUES (1, 0, '女装', 1);
INSERT INTO `shop_cat` VALUES (2, 0, '男装', 1);
INSERT INTO `shop_cat` VALUES (3, 0, '孕产', 1);
INSERT INTO `shop_cat` VALUES (4, 1, '连衣裙', 1);
INSERT INTO `shop_cat` VALUES (5, 1, '牛仔裤', 1);
INSERT INTO `shop_cat` VALUES (6, 2, '衬衫', 1);
INSERT INTO `shop_cat` VALUES (7, 3, '睡衣', 1);

# 商品表
CREATE TABLE `shop_list` (
	`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`cat_id` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '分类ID',
	`cat_fid` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '分类父ID',
	`title` varchar(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品标题',
	`price` double(10,2) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '价格',
	`img` varchar(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品图片',
	`add_time` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '添加时间',
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='商品表';

index.php 导入页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>导出数据</title>
		<link rel="stylesheet" href="layui/css/layui.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
	</head>
	<body>
		<div style="text-align:center;">
			<button type="button" class="layui-btn" id="up"><i class="layui-icon">?</i>上传文件</button>
			<a href="download.php" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="layui-btn layui-btn-danger"><i class="layui-icon">?</i>示例下载</a>
		</div>
		<div id="log" style="text-align:center;">
			
		</div>
	</body>
</html>
<script src="layui/layui.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script>
	layui.use('upload', function(){
		var $ = layui.jquery
		,upload = layui.upload;
		upload.render({
			elem: '#up'
			,url: 'data.php'
			,accept: 'file' //普通文件
			,done: function(res){
				if(res.code == 0){
					for(var i=0;i<res.data.length;i++){
						$("#log").append('<div>'+res.data[i]+'</div>');
					}
				}
			}
		});
	})
</script>

导入功能

<?php
	$file = $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'];
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 载入方法库
	require 'function.php';

	# 创建读操作
	$reader = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createReader('Xlsx');
	# 打开文件、载入excel表格
	$spreadsheet = $reader->load($file);
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	# 获取总列数
	$highestColumn = $sheet->getHighestColumn();
	# 获取总行数
	$highestRow = $sheet->getHighestRow();

	# 列数 改为数字显示
	$highestColumnIndex = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\Coordinate::columnIndexFromString($highestColumn);
	$log = [];
	for($a=2;$a<$highestRow;$a++){
		$title = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(1,$a)->getValue();
		$cat_fname = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(2,$a)->getValue();
		$cat_name = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(3,$a)->getValue();
		$price = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(4,$a)->getValue();
		$img = $sheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(5,$a)->getValue();

		$cat_fid = find('shop_cat','id','name="'.$cat_fname.'"');
		$cat_id = find('shop_cat','id','name="'.$cat_name.'"');
		$data = [
			'title' => $title,
			'cat_fid' => $cat_fid['id'],
			'cat_id' => $cat_id['id'],
			'price' => $price,
			'img' => $img,
			'add_time' => time(),
		];
		$ins = insert('shop_list',$data);
		if($ins){
			$log[] = '第'.$a.'条，插入成功';
		}else{
			$log[] = '第'.$a.'条，插入失败';
		}
	}
	echo json_encode(['code'=>0,'msg'=>'成功','data'=>$log]);

下载示例(范文)

<?php
	# 载入composer自动加载文件
	require 'vendor/autoload.php';
	# 给类文件的命名空间起个别名
	use \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
	# 实例化 Spreadsheet 对象
	$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
	# 获取活动工作薄
	$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

	$sheet->setCellValue('A1','商品标题');
	$sheet->setCellValue('B1','一级分类');
	$sheet->setCellValue('C1','二级分类');
	$sheet->setCellValue('D1','进货价');
	$sheet->setCellValue('E1','图片');

	$data = [
		'云朵般轻盈的仙女裙 高级钉珠收腰长裙 气质无袖连衣裙',
		'女装',
		'连衣裙',
		279.99,
		'https://gd3.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/266969832/O1CN01PWUBBB2MV6ekBKtb6_!!266969832.jpg_400x400.jpg',
	];
	$sheet->fromArray(
		$data,
		null,
		'A2'
	);

	// MIME 协议，文件的类型，不设置，会默认html
	header('Content-Type:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
	// MIME 协议的扩展
	header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=商品列表示例.xlsx');
	// 缓存控制
	header('Cache-Control:max-age=0');

	$writer = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createWriter($spreadsheet, 'Xlsx');
	// php://output 它是一个只写数据流, 允许你以 print 和 echo一样的方式写入到输出缓冲区。 
	$writer->save('php://output');

更多关于PHP相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《php操作office文档技巧总结(包括word,excel,access,ppt)》、《PHP数组(Array)操作技巧大全》、《PHP数据结构与算法教程》、《php程序设计算法总结》、《PHP数学运算技巧总结》、《php正则表达式用法总结》、《php字符串(string)用法总结》及《php常见数据库操作技巧汇总》

希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。

编程技巧