Springmvc和ajax如何实现前后端交互

springmvc使用@RequestBody来获取前端的json字符串并转化为java对象

使用@ReponseBody来将返回的java对象转换为json形式返回前端

下面是几个使用springmvc和ajax进行前后端交互的简单实例

1.传递简单对象：

前端：

$(function(){
  $("#btn3").click(function(){
    //准备好要发的数组
    var array=[16,18,56];
    var jsonArray=JSON.stringify(array);
    $.ajax({
        "url":"send/three/array.html",
        "type":"post",
        "data":jsonArray,
        "dataType":"text",
      "contentType":"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
        "success":function (response) {
          alert(response);
        },
        "error":function (response) {
          alert(response);
        }
      }
    );
  });
});

后端：

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/send/three/array.html")
public String testReceiveArrayThreee(@RequestBody List<Integer> array){
  for (int i : array) {
    System.out.println(i);
  }
  return "success";
}

结果：

2.传递复杂对象:

1.实体类：

public class Student {
  private Integer stuId;
  private String studentName;
  private Address address;
  private List<Subject> subjectList;
  private Map<String,String> map;
get和set方法省略
}
public class Subject {
    private String subjectName;
  private Integer subjectScore;}
public class Address {
  private String province;
  private String city;
  private String street;}

2.前端ajax:

$(function(){
  $("#btn4").click(function(){
    //准备要发送的数据
    var student={
      "stuId":5,
      "studentName":"tom",
      "address":{
        "province":"海南省",
        "city":"海南市",
        "street":"不知道"
      },
      "subjectList":[
        {
          "subjectName":"test",
          "subjectScore":60
        },
        {
          "subjectName":"ssm",
          "subjectScore":70
        }
      ],
      "map":{
        "k1":"v2",
        "k2":"v3",
        "k3":"v4"
      }
    };
    //json对象转化为json字符串
    var requestBody=JSON.stringify(student);
    $.ajax({
        "url":"send/compose/object.json",
        "type":"post",
        "data":requestBody,
      "contentType":"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
        "dataType":"json",
        "success":function (response) {
          console.log(response);
        },
        "error":function (response) {
          console.log(response);
        }
      }
    );
  });
});

后端：

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/send/compose/object.html")
public String testComposeObject(@RequestBody Student student){
  System.out.println(student.toString());
  return "success";
}

结果：

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