利用django创建一个简易的博客网站的示例

一、页面实现

index.html
base.html
post.html
header.html
footer.html

<!-- index.html-->
{% extends 'base.html' %}
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>个人博客</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎来到我的博客</h1>
{% for post in posts %}
  <hr>
  <p style="font-family: 微软雅黑 ">
  <a href="/post/{{ post.slug }}" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ post.title }}</a>
  </p>
{% endfor %}
<br>
{{ now }}
</body>
</html>
<div class="mainContext">
  <div class="rightContext">
    {% block title %}欢迎来到我的博客{% endblock %}
    {% block headmessage %}<h3 style="font: 微软雅黑;">文章列表</h3>{% endblock %}
    {% block content %}
    <ul>
      {% for post in posts %}
        <p>
          <li><a href="/post/{{ post.slug }}" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ post.title }}</a></li>
        </p>
      {% endfor %}
    </ul>
    {% endblock %}
</div>
</div>

<!-- base.html-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>{% block title %} {% endblock %}</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="mainContext">
  <div class="leftContext">
    <h3 style="font: 微软雅黑;">文章分类</h3>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="/tag/?p=唐诗" rel="external nofollow" >唐诗</a></li>
      <li><a href="/tag/?p=宋词" rel="external nofollow" >宋词</a></li>
      <li><a href="/tag/?p=五言古诗" rel="external nofollow" >五言古诗</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <div class="rightContext">
    <div class="top1">
    {% include 'header.html' %}
  </div>
  <div class="mid2">
    {% block headmessage %} {% endblock %}
    {% block content %} {% endblock %}
  </div>
  <div class="bot3">
    <br/>
    {% include 'footer.html' %}
  </div>
  </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<!-- post.html-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>post</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="http://localhost:8000/" rel="external nofollow" >返回上一页</a><br/>
{{ post.body }}
</body>
</html>

<!-- footer.html-->
{% block footer %}
  {% if now %}
    <p style="font-family: 微软雅黑">时间：{{ now }}</p>
  {% else %}
    <p style="font-family: 微软雅黑">如需转载请注明来源</p>
  {% endif %}
{% endblock %}

models.py 数据表的设计

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from tinymce.models import HTMLField
# Create your models here.
class Post(models.Model):
  title = models.CharField(max_length = 200,verbose_name=u'标题')#标题
  slug = models.CharField(max_length=200,verbose_name=u'文章网址')#文章网址
  body = models.TextField()#文章内容
  tags = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'标签')
  pub_date = models.DateTimeField(default = timezone.now)#发表时间

  #pub_date 以timezone.now的方式让其自动产生时间 在执行需要pytz模块支撑
  class Meta:
    db_table = '博客'
    ordering = ['pub_date']#按照发表时间排序显示顺序依据
    def __str__(self):#设置此类所提供的数据项，显示文章标题
      return self.title

数据表的迁移在cmd中执行

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

views.py 方法的实现

#初始页面 显示所有文章列表
def homepage(request):
  posts = Post.objects.all().order_by('-pub_date')
  return render(request, 'index.html', locals())
  now = datetime.now()
  #显示文章内容
def show_detail(request,slug):
  try:
    post = Post.objects.get(slug = slug)
    if post != None:
      return render(request,'post.html',locals())
  except:
    return redirect('/')#返回首页
#在views中调用属于同一个标签文章
def search_tag(request): #tag在URL中获取
  tag = request.GET.get('p')
  print(tag)
  try:
    posts = Post.objects.filter(tags=tag)#注意这里写的是filter
    if posts != None:#这里使用的是posts，和index.html中对应
      return render(request,'index.html',locals())
  except:
    print('没找到')

url.py在url中注册路径

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from myblogs import views
#import tinymce
urlpatterns = [
  path('', views.homepage),#进入系统主页
  path('admin/', admin.site.urls),#进入管理员页面
  path('post/<slug:slug>/',views.show_detail),#显示详细信息# 定义拼接地址，获取标签信息  
  url(r'^tag/$', views.search_tag)#注意这里使用的是url 和正则表达式 需要前文中引入
  #url(r'^tinymce/', include('tinymce.urls')), # 这是富文本编辑器
]

在界面中添加css或者是图片

配置setting

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
  os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
]

在界面中引入

1.方法一
{% load staticfiles %}
<title>{% block title %} {% endblock %}</title>
2.方法二
{% load staticfiles %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'index.css' %}" rel="external nofollow" >

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