最近在学习springboot,session这个点一直困扰了我好久,今天把这些天踩的坑分享出来吧,希望能帮助更多的人。
一、pom.xml配置
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId> <artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency>
二、application.properties的redis配置
#redis spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1 spring.redis.port=6379 spring.redis.password=123456 spring.redis.pool.max-idle=8 spring.redis.pool.min-idle=0 spring.redis.pool.max-active=8 spring.redis.pool.max-wait=-1 #超时一定要大于0 spring.redis.timeout=3000 spring.session.store-type=redis
在配置redis时需要确保redis安装正确,并且配置notify-keyspace-events Egx,spring.redis.timeout设置为大于0,我当时这里配置为0时springboot时启不起来。
三、编写登录状态拦截器RedisSessionInterceptor
//拦截登录失效的请求 public class RedisSessionInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate; @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { //无论访问的地址是不是正确的,都进行登录验证,登录成功后的访问再进行分发,404的访问自然会进入到错误控制器中 HttpSession session = request.getSession(); if (session.getAttribute("loginUserId") != null) { try { //验证当前请求的session是否是已登录的session String loginSessionId = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("loginUser:" + (long) session.getAttribute("loginUserId")); if (loginSessionId != null && loginSessionId.equals(session.getId())) { return true; } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } response401(response); return false; } private void response401(HttpServletResponse response) { response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8"); try { response.getWriter().print(JSON.toJSONString(new ReturnData(StatusCode.NEED_LOGIN, "", "用户未登录!"))); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { } }
四、配置拦截器
@Configuration public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Bean public RedisSessionInterceptor getSessionInterceptor() { return new RedisSessionInterceptor(); } @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { //所有已api开头的访问都要进入RedisSessionInterceptor拦截器进行登录验证,并排除login接口(全路径)。必须写成链式,分别设置的话会创建多个拦截器。 //必须写成getSessionInterceptor(),否则SessionInterceptor中的@Autowired会无效 registry.addInterceptor(getSessionInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/api/**").excludePathPatterns("/api/user/login"); super.addInterceptors(registry); } }
五、登录控制器
@RestController @RequestMapping(value = "/api/user") public class LoginController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate; @RequestMapping("/login") public ReturnData login(HttpServletRequest request, String account, String password) { User user = userService.findUserByAccountAndPassword(account, password); if (user != null) { HttpSession session = request.getSession(); session.setAttribute("loginUserId", user.getUserId()); redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("loginUser:" + user.getUserId(), session.getId()); return new ReturnData(StatusCode.REQUEST_SUCCESS, user, "登录成功!"); } else { throw new MyException(StatusCode.ACCOUNT_OR_PASSWORD_ERROR, "账户名或密码错误!"); } } @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserInfo") public ReturnData get(long userId) { User user = userService.findUserByUserId(userId); if (user != null) { return new ReturnData(StatusCode.REQUEST_SUCCESS, user, "查询成功!"); } else { throw new MyException(StatusCode.USER_NOT_EXIST, "用户不存在!"); } } }
六、效果
我在浏览器上登录,然后获取用户信息,再在postman上登录相同的账号,浏览器再获取用户信息,就会提示401错误了,浏览器需要重新登录才能获取得到用户信息,同样,postman上登录的账号就失效了。
浏览器:
postman:
七、核心原理详解
分布式session需要解决两个难点:1、正确配置redis让springboot把session托管到redis服务器。2、唯一登录。
1、redis:
redis需要能正确启动到出现如下效果才证明redis正常配置并启动
同时还要保证配置正确
@EnableCaching @EnableRedisHttpSession(maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds = 30)//session过期时间(秒) @Configuration public class RedisSessionConfig { @Bean public static ConfigureRedisAction configureRedisAction() { //让springSession不再执行config命令 return ConfigureRedisAction.NO_OP; } }
springboot启动后能在redis上查到缓存的session才能说明整个redis+springboot配置成功!
2、唯一登录:
1、用户登录时,在redis中记录该userId对应的sessionId,并将userId保存到session中。
HttpSession session = request.getSession(); session.setAttribute("loginUserId", user.getUserId()); redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("loginUser:" + user.getUserId(), session.getId());
2、访问接口时,会在RedisSessionInterceptor拦截器中的preHandle()中捕获,然后根据该请求发起者的session中保存的userId去redis查当前已登录的sessionId,若查到的sessionId与访问者的sessionId相等,那么说明请求合法,放行。否则抛出401异常给全局异常捕获器去返回给客户端401状态。
唯一登录经过我的验证后满足需求,暂时没有出现问题,也希望大家能看看有没有问题,有的话给我点好的建议!
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