Django开发RESTful API实现增删改查(入门级)

django-admin.py startproject myDjango<project_name>

myDjango/
├── manage.py  # 管理文件
└── myDjango # 项目目录
    ├── __ init __.py
    ├── settings.py  # 配置文件
    ├── urls.py  # 路由 --> URL和函数的对应关系
    └── wsgi.py  # runserver命令就使用wsgiref模块做简单的web server

INSTALLED_APPS = [
   ...
   'rest_framework'
]

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'bigdatatest',
        'USER': 'root',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PASSWORD': '1009',
        'PORT': 3306,
        'OPTIONS': {'charset': 'utf8mb4'},
    }
}

import pymysql
pymysql.version_info = (1, 4, 13, "final", 0)
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

python manage.py startapp users<app_name>

users/
├── migrations  # 用于在之后定义引用迁移功能
   ├── __ init __.py
├── __ init __.py
├── admin.py  # 管理站点模型的声明文件，默认为空
├── apps.py  # 应用信息定义文件。在其中生成了类Appconfig，类用于定义应用名等Meta数据
├── models.py  # 添加模型层数据类的文件
├── tests.py  # 测试代码文件
└── views.py  # 定义URL响应函数

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'users'
]

python manage.py inspectdb

from django.db import models

class User(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    age = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'user'

from rest_framework import serializers
from users.models import User

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = "__all__"

from __future__ import unicode_literals

from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response

from user.models import User
from user.serializers import UserSerializer

@api_view(['GET'])
def getlist(request):  # 获取全部数据
    if request.method == 'GET':
        users = User.objects.values('id', 'name', 'age').distinct()
        serializer = UserSerializer(users, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

@api_view(['GET'])
def getlistpic(request):  # 根据id查找单条数据
    id = request.GET['id']
    if id is not None:
        users = User.objects.filter(id=id)
        serializer = UserSerializer(users, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)
    else:
        return Response(str('请传id'))

@api_view(['POST'])
def addUser(request):  # 添加数据
    ser = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
    if ser.is_valid():
       ser.save()
       return Response(ser.data)
    return Response(ser.errors)

@api_view(['GET'])
def deleteUser(request):  # 根据id添加删除
    id = request.GET['id']
    if id is not None:
        if User.objects.filter(id=id):
            User.objects.get(id=id).delete()
            return Response(str('success'))
        else:
            return Response(str('没有此id'))
    else:
        return Response(str('请传id'))

@api_view(['POST'])
def updateUser(request):  # 根据id修改数据
    if User.objects.filter(id=request.data['id']):
        user = User.objects.get(id=request.data['id'])
        ser = UserSerializer(instance=user, data=request.data)  # 注意指定参数
        if ser.is_valid():
            ser.save()
            return Response(str('success'))
        return Response(ser.errors)
    return Response(str('没有此id'))

from django.conf.urls import url
from users import views as users_views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^getlistpic', users_views.getlistpic, name='home'),
    url(r'^getlist', users_views.getlist, name='home'),
    url(r'^addUser', users_views.addUser, name='home'),
    url(r'^deleteUser', users_views.deleteUser, name='home'),
    url(r'^updateUser', users_views.updateUser, name='home')
]

python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000