1开放平台需求
用户需要按照开放平台的协议规范拼装一个正确的URL，通过Https请求到开放平台既能够获取到所需数据。主要流程包含：填写参数、生成签名、拼装HTTPS请求、发起请求、得到响应结果、解析结果。
1.1调用参数
|
参数名称 |
参数类型 |
是否必传 |
参数描述 |
|
method |
String |
是 |
API接口名称 |
|
access_token |
String |
是 |
采用OAuth授权方式是必填参数 |
|
app_key |
String |
是 |
应用的app_key |
|
sign |
String |
是 |
详见下文“5.签名算法”描述 |
|
timestamp |
String |
是 |
时间戳，格式为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss，例如：2019-05-01 00:00:00。API服务端允许客户端请求时间误差为10分钟 |
|
format |
String |
否 |
暂时只支持json |
|
v |
String |
是 |
API协议版本，参考接口文档版本 |
|
360buy_param_json |
String |
是 |
需要将应用级参数作为一个整体对象以json的形式拼接传递 |
应用级参数(更多API应用参数参考 接口文档)
1.2签名算法
为了防止API在调用过程中被恶意者拦截随意篡改，调用API是需要传入签名参数，开放平台服务端会根据请求参数对签名进行验证，判断请求参数是否合法。开放平台签名规则过程如下：
将所有请求参数按照字母先后顺序排列，例如：access_token,app_key,method,timestamp,v,360buy_param_json ，
排序为360buy_param_json,access_token,app_key,method,timestamp,v
把所有参数名和参数值进行拼接，例如：360buy_param_jsonxxxaccess_tokenxxxapp_keyxxxmethodxxxxxxtimestampxxxxxxvx
把appSecret夹在字符串（上一步拼接串）的两端，例如：appSecret+XXXX+appSecret
使用MD5进行加密，再转化成大写。
2服务端代码，Java举例
服务端基于SpringBoot框架编写，入口放在Controller，业务逻辑写在Service。同时考虑安全性和方便排查问题，会加入输入性校验和访问日志。
2.1接口入口代码
接口只有一个入口，即Controller代码如下：
@Controller
public class RouterController {
@Resource
private RouterService routerService;
@Resource
private OpenApiLogService openApiLogService;
/**
* API接口路由器，接口入口
*
* @param request
* @param zrsc_param_json
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "routerjson", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String routerjson(HttpServletRequest request, String zrsc_param_json) {
if (zrsc_param_json==null||"".equals(zrsc_param_json)) {
return JsonUtils.objToJson(APIMessageVo.fail(APIErrorEnum.FAIL_PARA_LOSE.getCode(), APIErrorEnum
.FAIL_PARA_LOSE.getName()));
}
APIMessageVo aPIMessageVo=openApiLogService.secrityCheck(request);
if(aPIMessageVo.isSuccess()){//安全检测成功
aPIMessageVo=routerService.router(request, zrsc_param_json);
openApiLogService.insert(request,aPIMessageVo);
}
return JsonUtils.objToJson(aPIMessageVo);
}
}
2.2业务逻辑层
业务逻辑层，简单举例说明，不同业务有所不同。
public APIMessageVo router(HttpServletRequest request, String zrsc_param_json) {
String access_token = request.getParameter("access_token");
String app_key = request.getParameter("app_key");
String method = request.getParameter("method");
String sign = request.getParameter("sign");
APIMessageVo checkResult=this.routerParaCheck(request, zrsc_param_json,access_token,app_key,method,sign);
if(!checkResult.isSuccess()){//入参检测失败
return checkResult;
}
if (APPInterfaceNameEnum.API_ADDRESS_ADDRESS2PROVICECITY_GET.getName().equals(method)) {//获取省市区街道
return this.address2provincecity(zrsc_param_json);
} else {//接口不存在
return APIMessageVo.fail(APIErrorEnum.FAIL_NOT_FOUND_INTERFACE.getCode(), APIErrorEnum.FAIL_NOT_FOUND_INTERFACE.getName());
}
}
private APIMessageVo routerParaCheck(HttpServletRequest request, String zrsc_param_json, String access_token,
String app_key, String method, String sign){
//***************参数校验***************
if (StringUtils.isBlank(access_token) || StringUtils.isBlank(app_key) || StringUtils.isBlank(method) ||
StringUtils.isBlank(sign)) {
return APIMessageVo.fail(APIErrorEnum.FAIL_PARA_LOSE.getCode(), APIErrorEnum.FAIL_PARA_LOSE.getName());
}
if(!APP_KEY.equals(app_key)){
return APIMessageVo.fail(APIErrorEnum.FAIL_NOT_EXIST_APP_ID.getCode(), APIErrorEnum.FAIL_NOT_EXIST_APP_ID.getName());
}
//***************sign校验***************
try {
//获取request中的参数
Map<String, String> sysParams = getSysParams(request, zrsc_param_json);
//SDK参数加密
String signNew = SDKSignUtils.sign(sysParams, APP_SECRET);
//判断参数是否被更改
if (!sign.equals(signNew)) {
return APIMessageVo.fail(APIErrorEnum.FAIL_ERR_APP_SECRET.getCode(), APIErrorEnum.FAIL_ERR_APP_SECRET.getName());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
return APIMessageVo.fail(APIErrorEnum.FAIL_EXCEPTION.getCode(), APIErrorEnum.FAIL_EXCEPTION.getName());
}
return APIMessageVo.success();
}
2.3基础工具类
APIErrorEnum
public enum APIErrorEnum {
FAIL_NOTAUTH(201,"没有授权"),
FAIL_TOKEN_EXPIRE(202,"Token过期"),
FAIL_PARA_LOSE(203,"缺少参数"),
FAIL_NOT_REALAUTH(204,"没有实名认证通过"),
FAIL_NOT_METHOD(205,"没有权限访问这个接口"),
FAIL_PARA_ERR(206,"参数的值，不正确"),
FAIL_NOT_EXIST_ACCOUNT(207,"用户账号不存在"),
FAIL_NOT_FOUND_APPLY(208,"应用不存在"),
FAIL_NOT_PASS_APPROVAL_APPLY(209,"应用审批未通过"),
FAIL_NOT_EXIST_APP_ID(210,"APP_ID不存在"),
FAIL_NOT_FOUND_INTERFACE(211,"接口不存在"),
FAIL_ERR_APP_SECRET(212,"appSecret错误"),
FAIL_CALL_FREQUENTLY(214,"调用太频繁"),
FAIL_EXCEPTION(290,"未知错误");
private int code;
private String name;
APIErrorEnum(int code,String name) {
this.code = code;
this.name = name;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
APIMessageVo
public class APIMessageVo {
public static final Integer SUCCESS = 100;//成功
private boolean success;// 处理是否成功
private Integer code = SUCCESS;//状态码
private String message = "成功";// 附加消息, 如处理结果失败时的原因等
private Object data="";// 可以附带返回一些结果数据
public APIMessageVo() {
//default
}
public APIMessageVo(boolean success, Integer code) {
this(success, code, "成功", null);
}
public APIMessageVo(boolean success, Integer code, String message) {
this(success, code, message, null);
}
public APIMessageVo(boolean success, String message, Object data) {
this.success = success;
this.message = message;
this.data = data;
}
public APIMessageVo(boolean success, Integer code, String message, Object data) {
this.success = success;
this.code = code;
this.message = message;
this.data = data;
}
public APIMessageVo(boolean success, Object data) {
this.success = success;
this.data = data;
}
public static APIMessageVo fail(Integer code) {
return new APIMessageVo(false, code);
}
public static APIMessageVo fail(Integer code,String message) {
return new APIMessageVo(false,code, message);
}
public static APIMessageVo fail(Integer code,String message, Object data) {
return new APIMessageVo(false,code, message, data);
}
public static APIMessageVo success() {
return new APIMessageVo(true, SUCCESS);
}
public static APIMessageVo success(String message) {
return new APIMessageVo(true, message);
}
public static APIMessageVo success(String message, Object data) {
return new APIMessageVo(true, SUCCESS, message, data);
}
public static APIMessageVo success(Object data) {
return new APIMessageVo(true, "成功", data);
}
}
JsonUtils
public class JsonUtils {
// 定义jackson对象
private static final ObjectMapper MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();
/**
* 对象转Json
*
* @param obj 对象
* @return json串
*/
public static String objToJson(Object obj) {
try {
return MAPPER.writeValueAsString(obj);
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
log.error("Json转换异常：{}", e);
}
return "Json转换异常";
}
/**
* json转对象
* @param jsonData json串
* @param beanType 对象
* @return 对象
*/
public static <T> T jsonToPojo(String jsonData, Class<T> beanType) {
try {
T obj = MAPPER.readValue(jsonData, beanType);
return obj;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("Json转换异常：{}", e);
}
return null;
}
}
3.SDK代码，Java举例
DefaultZrscClient
public class DefaultZrscClient implements ZrscClient {
private String serverUrl;
private String accessToken;
private int connectTimeout;
private int readTimeout;
private String appKey;
private String fuzz;
private String appSecret;
public DefaultZrscClient(String serverUrl, String accessToken, String appKey, String appSecret) {
this.connectTimeout = 8000;
this.readTimeout = 8000;
this.serverUrl = serverUrl;
this.accessToken = accessToken;
this.appKey = appKey;
this.appSecret = appSecret;
}
public <T extends AbstractResponse> T execute(ZrscRequest<T> request) throws ZrscException {
try {
String url = this.buildUrl(request);
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap();
String json = request.getAppJsonParams();
params.put("zrsc_param_json", json);
if (request.getOtherParams() != null) {
params.put("other", request.getOtherParams());
}
String rsp = HttpUtil.doPost(url, params, this.connectTimeout, this.readTimeout,this.accessToken);
T resp = this.parse(rsp, request.getResponseClass());
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append(url).append("&").append("zrsc_param_json").append("=").append(json);
resp.setUrl(sb.toString());
return resp;
} catch (Exception var8) {
var8.printStackTrace();
throw new ZrscException("出现异常，请重试");
}
}
private <T extends AbstractResponse> String buildUrl(ZrscRequest<T> request) throws Exception {
Map<String, String> sysParams = request.getSysParams();
Map<String, String> pmap = new TreeMap();
pmap.put("zrsc_param_json", request.getAppJsonParams());
sysParams.put("method", request.getApiMethod());
sysParams.put("access_token", this.accessToken);
sysParams.put("app_key", this.appKey);
pmap.putAll(sysParams);
String sign = this.sign(pmap, this.appSecret);
sysParams.put("sign", sign);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(this.serverUrl);
sb.append("?");
sb.append(HttpUtil.buildQuery(sysParams, "UTF-8"));
return sb.toString();
}
private <T extends AbstractResponse> T parse(String rsp, Class<T> responseClass) throws ZrscException {
Parser parser;
if (this.serverUrl.endsWith("json")) {
parser = ParserFactory.getJsonParser();
} else {
parser = ParserFactory.getXmlParser();
}
return parser.parse(rsp, responseClass);
}
private String sign(Map<String, String> pmap, String appSecret) throws Exception {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(appSecret);
Iterator i$ = pmap.entrySet().iterator();
while(i$.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, String> entry = (Map.Entry)i$.next();
String name = (String)entry.getKey();
String value = (String)entry.getValue();
if (StringUtil.areNotEmpty(new String[]{name, value})) {
sb.append(name).append(value);
}
}
sb.append(appSecret);
String result = CodecUtil.md5(sb.toString());
return result;
}
}
HttpUtil
public class HttpUtil {
public static final String DEFAULT_CHARSET = "UTF-8";
private static final String METHOD_POST = "POST";
private HttpUtil() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public static String buildQuery(Map<String, String> params, String charset) throws Exception {
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder();
Set<Entry<String, String>> entries = params.entrySet();
boolean hasParam = false;
Iterator i$ = entries.iterator();
while(i$.hasNext()) {
Entry<String, String> entry = (Entry)i$.next();
String name = (String)entry.getKey();
String value = (String)entry.getValue();
if (StringUtil.areNotEmpty(new String[]{name, value})) {
if (hasParam) {
query.append("&");
} else {
hasParam = true;
}
query.append(name).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(value, charset));
}
}
return query.toString();
} else {
return null;
}
}
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params, int connectTimeout, int readTimeout,String token) throws Exception {
return doPost(url, params, "UTF-8", connectTimeout, readTimeout,token);
}
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset, int connectTimeout, int readTimeout,String token) throws Exception {
String ctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=" + charset;
//String ctype = "application/json;charset=" + charset;
String query = buildQuery(params, charset);
byte[] content = new byte[0];
if (query != null) {
content = query.getBytes(charset);
}
return doPost(url, ctype, content, connectTimeout, readTimeout,token);
}
public static String doPost(String url, String ctype, byte[] content, int connectTimeout, int readTimeout,String token) throws IOException {
HttpURLConnection conn = null;
OutputStream out = null;
String rsp = null;
try {
conn = getConnection(new URL(url), "POST", ctype,token);
conn.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
conn.setReadTimeout(readTimeout);
out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(content);
rsp = getResponseAsString(conn);
} finally {
if (out != null) {
out.close();
}
if (conn != null) {
conn.disconnect();
}
}
return rsp;
}
private static HttpURLConnection getConnection(URL url, String method, String ctype,String token) throws IOException {
HttpURLConnection conn = null;
if ("https".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
SSLContext ctx = null;
try {
ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
ctx.init(new KeyManager[0], new DefaultTrustManager[]{new DefaultTrustManager()}, new SecureRandom());
} catch (Exception var6) {
throw new IOException(var6);
}
HttpsURLConnection connHttps = (HttpsURLConnection)url.openConnection();
connHttps.setSSLSocketFactory(ctx.getSocketFactory());
connHttps.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
});
conn = connHttps;
} else {
conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
}
((HttpURLConnection)conn).setRequestMethod(method);
((HttpURLConnection)conn).setDoInput(true);
((HttpURLConnection)conn).setDoOutput(true);
((HttpURLConnection)conn).setRequestProperty("Accept", "text/xml,text/javascript,text/html");
((HttpURLConnection)conn).setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "kcb-sdk-java");
((HttpURLConnection)conn).setRequestProperty("Content-Type", ctype);
((HttpURLConnection)conn).setRequestProperty("Authorization", token);
return (HttpURLConnection)conn;
}
protected static String getResponseAsString(HttpURLConnection conn) throws IOException {
String charset = getResponseCharset(conn.getContentType());
InputStream es = conn.getErrorStream();
if (es == null) {
return getStreamAsString(conn.getInputStream(), charset);
} else {
String msg = getStreamAsString(es, charset);
if (StringUtil.isEmpty(msg)) {
throw new IOException(conn.getResponseCode() + ":" + conn.getResponseMessage());
} else {
throw new IOException(msg);
}
}
}
private static String getStreamAsString(InputStream stream, String charset) throws IOException {
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream, charset));
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
char[] chars = new char[256];
boolean var5 = false;
int count;
while((count = reader.read(chars)) > 0) {
writer.write(chars, 0, count);
}
String var6 = writer.toString();
return var6;
} finally {
if (stream != null) {
stream.close();
}
}
}
private static String getResponseCharset(String ctype) {
String charset = "UTF-8";
if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(ctype)) {
String[] params = ctype.split(";");
String[] arr$ = params;
int len$ = params.length;
for(int i$ = 0; i$ < len$; ++i$) {
String param = arr$[i$];
param = param.trim();
if (param.startsWith("charset")) {
String[] pair = param.split("=", 2);
if (pair.length == 2 && !StringUtil.isEmpty(pair[1])) {
charset = pair[1].trim();
}
break;
}
}
}
return charset;
}
private static byte[] getTextEntry(String fieldName, String fieldValue, String charset) throws IOException {
StringBuilder entry = new StringBuilder();
entry.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"");
entry.append(fieldName);
entry.append("\"\r\nContent-Type:text/plain\r\n\r\n");
entry.append(fieldValue);
return entry.toString().getBytes(charset);
}
private static byte[] getFileEntry(String fieldName, String fileName, String mimeType, String charset) throws IOException {
StringBuilder entry = new StringBuilder();
entry.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"");
entry.append(fieldName);
entry.append("\";filename=\"");
entry.append(fileName);
entry.append("\"\r\nContent-Type:");
entry.append(mimeType);
entry.append("\r\n\r\n");
return entry.toString().getBytes(charset);
}
}
4.集成SDK，代码举例
@Test
void getAddress() throws IOException {
Address2provicecityRequest request=new Address2provicecityRequest();
request.setAddress("阿胶街东首路北");
ZrscClient client = new DefaultZrscClient(serverUrl, accessToken, appKey,
appSecret);
try {
Address2provicecityResponse response= client.execute(request);
System.out.println("data="+JsonUtil.toJson(response.getData()));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
运行结果：
data={"source":"阿胶街东首路北","province":"山东省","city":"聊城市","area":"东阿县","street":"新城街道","addressInfo":"阿胶街东首路北"}
5.总结
京东开放平台中的传参和签名算法比较有代表性，此博客，只是分享开放平台开放的主要组成部分，希望大家可以多多关注自学编程网的其他内容！
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