本文实例为大家分享了Java实现简单局域网聊天室的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
Java 的Socket编程：
1、TCP协议是面向连接的、可靠的、有序的、以字节流的方式发送数据，通过三次握手方式建立连接，形成传输数据的通道，在连接中进行大量数据的传输，效率会稍低
2、Java中基于TCP协议实现网络通信的类
- 客户端的Socket类
- 服务器端的ServerSocket类
3、Socket通信的步骤
① 创建ServerSocket和Socket
② 打开连接到Socket的输入/输出流
③ 按照协议对Socket进行读/写操作
④ 关闭输入输出流、关闭Socket
4、服务器端：
① 创建ServerSocket对象，绑定监听端口
② 通过accept()方法监听客户端请求
③ 连接建立后，通过输入流读取客户端发送的请求信息
④ 通过输出流向客户端发送乡音信息
⑤ 关闭相关资源
5、客户端：
① 创建Socket对象，指明需要连接的服务器的地址和端口号
② 连接建立后，通过输出流想服务器端发送请求信息
③ 通过输入流获取服务器响应的信息
④ 关闭响应资源
实现的聊天室例子：
实现的效果是如下：
服务端代码：
package socket.server;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
/**
* @author 超
* Create by fengc on 2018/7/25 21:21
*/
public class Server extends Thread{
ServerUI ui;
ServerSocket ss;
BufferedReader reader;
PrintWriter writer;
public Server(ServerUI ui) {
this.ui = ui;
this.start();
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
ss = new ServerSocket(8081);
ui.clients=new ArrayList<>();
println("启动服务器成功：端口8081");
while (true) {
println("等待客户端链接.......................................");
Socket client = ss.accept();
ui.clients.add(client);
println("连接成功，客户端请求服务端的详细信息：" + client.toString());
new ListenerClient(ui, client);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
println("启动服务器失败：端口8081");
println(e.toString());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public synchronized void sendMsg(String msg) {
try {
for (int i = 0; i < ui.clients.size(); i++) {
Socket client = ui.clients.get(i);
writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
writer.println(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
println(e.toString());
}
}
public void println(String s) {
if (s != null) {
s = "服务端打印消息：" + s;
this.ui.taShow.setText(this.ui.taShow.getText() + s + "\n");
System.out.println(s + "\n");
}
}
public void closeServer() {
try {
if (ss != null)
ss.close();
if (reader != null)
reader.close();
if (writer != null)
writer.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
package socket.server;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* @author 超
* Create by fengc on 2018/7/25 21:33
* 这个类是服务器端的等待客户端发送信息*
*/
public class ListenerClient extends Thread{
BufferedReader reader;
PrintWriter writer;
ServerUI ui;
Socket client;
public ListenerClient(ServerUI ui, Socket client) {
this.ui = ui;
this.client=client;
this.start();
}
//为每一个客户端创建线程等待接收信息，然后把信息广播出去
@Override
public void run() {
String msg = "";
while (true) {
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
msg = reader.readLine();
sendMsg(msg);
} catch (IOException e) {
println(e.toString());
break;
}
if (msg != null && msg.trim() != "") {
println("客户端 " + msg);
}
}
}
//把信息广播到所有用户
public synchronized void sendMsg(String msg) {
try {
for (int i = 0; i < ui.clients.size(); i++) {
Socket client = ui.clients.get(i);
writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
writer.println(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
println(e.toString());
}
}
public void println(String s) {
if (s != null) {
this.ui.taShow.setText(this.ui.taShow.getText() + s + "\n");
System.out.println(s + "\n");
}
}
}
package socket.server;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author 超
* Create by fengc on 2018/7/25 21:21
*/
public class ServerUI extends JFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ServerUI();
}
public JButton btStart;//启动服务器
public JButton btSend;//发送信息按钮
public JTextField tfSend;//需要发送的文本信息
public JTextArea taShow;//信息展示
public Server server;//用来监听客户端连接
static List<Socket> clients;//保存连接到服务器的客户端
public ServerUI() {
super("服务器端");
btStart = new JButton("启动服务");
btSend = new JButton("发送信息");
tfSend = new JTextField(10); //装在输入文字
taShow = new JTextArea();
//点击按钮，所做的是事情，启动服务器
btStart.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
server = new Server(ServerUI.this);
}
});
//点击发送消息按钮
btSend.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
server.sendMsg(tfSend.getText());
tfSend.setText("");
}
});
//初始化界面
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//关闭按钮点击事件
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
int a = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "确定关闭吗？", "温馨提示",
JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
if (a == 1) {
server.closeServer();
System.exit(0); // 关闭
}
}
});
//底部启动服务按钮与发送消息按钮
JPanel top = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
top.add(tfSend);
top.add(btSend);
top.add(btStart);
this.add(top, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
//中部显示消息栏 信息展示
final JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane();
sp.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
sp.setViewportView(this.taShow);
this.taShow.setEditable(false);
this.add(sp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setSize(400, 300);
this.setLocation(100, 200);
this.setVisible(true);
}
}
客户端代码：
package socket.clinet;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* @author 超
* Create by fengc on 2018/7/25 21:41
*/
public class Client extends Thread {
ClientUI ui;
Socket client;
BufferedReader reader;
PrintWriter writer;
public Client(ClientUI ui) {
this.ui = ui;
try {
String ip = ui.tfIP.getText(); //得到输入的ip地址
int port = Integer.parseInt(ui.tfPort.getText()); //得到输入的端口
client = new Socket(ip, port);//这里设置连接服务器端的IP的端口
println("连接服务器成功，服务器端口地址：" + port);
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
String name = ui.tfName.getText();
if (name == null || "".equals(name)) {
name = "匿名者";
}
sendMsg("会员 " + name + ",登录上来了........................");
// 如果为 true，则 println、printf 或 format 方法将刷新输出缓冲区
} catch (NumberFormatException nu) {
println("端口请输入正确.......");
nu.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
println("连接服务器失败：请输入正确的IP地址与端口");
println(e.toString());
e.printStackTrace();
}
this.start();
}
public void run() {
String msg = "";
while (true) {
try {
msg = reader.readLine();
} catch (IOException e) {
println("服务器断开连接");
break;
}
if (msg != null && msg.trim() != "") {
println(msg);
}
}
}
public void sendMsg(String msg) {
try {
writer.println(msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
println(e.toString());
}
}
public void println(String s) {
if (s != null) {
this.ui.taShow.setText(this.ui.taShow.getText() + s + "\n");
System.out.println(s + "\n");
}
}
}
package socket.clinet;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* @author 超
* Create by fengc on 2018/7/25 21:40
*/
public class ClientUI extends JFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ClientUI();
}
public JButton btStart;
public JButton btSend;
public JTextField tfSend; //装在输入文字
public JTextPane nameText; //输入名字
public JTextPane ipTex; //输入名字
public JTextPane portText; //输入名字
public JTextField tfName; //服务器ip
public JTextField tfIP; //服务器ip
public JTextField tfPort; //服务器端口
public JTextArea taShow;
public Client server;
public ClientUI() {
super("客户端");
btStart = new JButton("启动连接");
btSend = new JButton("发送信息");
tfSend = new JTextField(20);
tfIP = new JTextField(8);
tfPort = new JTextField(3);
tfName = new JTextField(6);
nameText = new JTextPane();nameText.setText("登录名");nameText.setEditable(false);
ipTex = new JTextPane();ipTex.setText("服务地址");ipTex.setEditable(false);
portText = new JTextPane();portText.setText("服务端口");portText.setEditable(false);
taShow = new JTextArea();
//启动链接按钮事件
btStart.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
server = new Client(ClientUI.this);
}
});
//发送按钮事件
btSend.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String name = tfName.getText();
if (name == null || "".equals(name)) {
name = "匿名者";
}
server.sendMsg(name + "：" + tfSend.getText());
tfSend.setText("");
}
});
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
int a = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "确定关闭吗？", "温馨提示",
JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
if (a == 1) {
System.exit(0); // 关闭
}
}
});
//底部的发送信息框与链接按钮
JPanel top = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
top.add(tfSend); //发送文本
top.add(btSend); //发送按钮
this.add(top, BorderLayout.SOUTH); //加载到底部
//头部放连接服务的
JPanel northJpannel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
northJpannel.add(nameText);
northJpannel.add(tfName);
northJpannel.add(ipTex);
northJpannel.add(tfIP);
northJpannel.add(portText);
northJpannel.add(tfPort);
northJpannel.add(btStart);
this.add(northJpannel,BorderLayout.NORTH); //加载到头部
final JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane();
sp.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
sp.setViewportView(this.taShow);
this.taShow.setEditable(false);
this.add(sp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setSize(500, 400);
this.setLocation(600, 200);
this.setVisible(true);
}
}
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持自学编程网。
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