本文实例为大家分享了Java实现计算器设计的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
需求分析
- 目的是实现一个基于Java的可以求解带括号加减乘除表达式的带界面的计算器。
- 需要知道的Java技术:Java Swing(Java图形界面设计)、Java集合(栈)、lambda表达式、Java基础等。
设计思路
1、实现一个Java计算器界面类
2、实现一个Java计算带括号加减乘除表达式的类
3、实现主函数调用
设计实现
Java计算器项目结构:
Calculator类为计算器界面设计、Calculate类为计算带括号加减乘除表达式的类,Main函数为项目程序入口。
Java计算器界面设计实现代码:
package Calculator; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.CardLayout; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.TextField; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; import javax.swing.JMenuItem; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextField; public class Calculator extends JFrame{ private double result=0; private int count=0; public Calculator() { this.setSize(330,399); this.setTitle("计算器"); init(); // this.pack(); this.setVisible(true); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public void init() {//初始化界面 this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); //总体布局为边框式布局 /* * 总体边框式布局north放置文本框 */ JTextField textField=new JTextField(); textField.disable(); textField.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(this.getWidth(),50)); this.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH); /* * 总体边框式布局center放置@panel(边框式布局) * @panel边框式布局north放置@panelN(网格布局) * @panel边框式布局center放置@panelC(卡片式布局) * @panelC卡片来切换@panel0(标准)和@panel1(科学)两种模式 * @panel0,@panel1均为网格布局 */ JPanel panel=new JPanel(); panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); this.add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER); JPanel panelN=new JPanel(); panelN.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,6)); JButton MC=new JButton("MC"); JButton MR=new JButton("MR"); JButton M0=new JButton("M+"); JButton M1=new JButton("M-"); JButton MS=new JButton("MS"); JButton M=new JButton("M"); panelN.add(MC);panelN.add(MR);panelN.add(M0); panelN.add(M1);panelN.add(MS);panelN.add(M); panel.add(panelN,BorderLayout.NORTH); CardLayout cardLayout=new CardLayout(); JPanel panelC=new JPanel(); panelC.setLayout(cardLayout); JPanel panel0=new JPanel(); panel0.setLayout(new GridLayout(6,4)); JButton[] standredButton=new JButton[24]; String str[]={"%","√","x²","1/x", "CE","C","×","/", "7","8","9","*", "4","5","6","-", "1","2","3","+", "±","0",".","=" }; for(int i=0;i<standredButton.length;i++) { standredButton[i]=new JButton(str[i]); String text=standredButton[i].getText(); standredButton[i].addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(text.equals("CE")||text.equals("C")) { textField.setText(""); } else if(text.equals("=")) { String expression=textField.getText(); Calculate cal=new Calculate(); textField.setText(cal.evaluateExpression(expression)+""); } else if(text.equals("%")) { } else if(text.equals("√")) { result=Double.parseDouble(textField.getText()); result=Math.sqrt(result); textField.setText(result+""); } else if(text.equals("x²")) { result=Double.parseDouble(textField.getText()); result*=result; textField.setText(result+""); } else if(text.equals("1/x")) { result=Double.parseDouble(textField.getText()); result=1/result; textField.setText(result+""); } else if(text.equals("±")) { if(count==0) { textField.setText(textField.getText()+"-"); count=1; } else { textField.setText(textField.getText()+"+"); count=0; } } else if(text.equals("×")) { textField.setText(textField.getText().substring(0, textField.getText().length()-1)); } else { textField.setText(textField.getText()+text); } } } ); panel0.add(standredButton[i]); } panelC.add(panel0); JPanel panel1=new JPanel(); panel1.setLayout(new GridLayout(7,5)); JButton scienceButton[]=new JButton[35]; String str1[]= { "x²","x^y","sin","cos","tan", "√","10^x","log","Exp","Mod", "↑","CE","C","×","/", "π","7","8","9","*", "n!","4","5","6","-", "±","1","2","3","+", "(",")","0",".","=" }; for(int i=0;i<str1.length;i++) { scienceButton[i]=new JButton(str1[i]); //scienceButton[i].addActionListener(); panel1.add(scienceButton[i]); } panelC.add(panel1); panel.add(panelC,BorderLayout.CENTER); /* * 菜单 */ JMenuBar menuBar=new JMenuBar(); this.setJMenuBar(menuBar); JMenu modelMenu=new JMenu("模式"); menuBar.add(modelMenu); JMenuItem standred=new JMenuItem("标准"); standred.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub cardLayout.first(panelC); } }); modelMenu.add(standred); JMenuItem science=new JMenuItem("科学"); science.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub cardLayout.last(panelC); } }); modelMenu.add(science); } /* private class ButtonAction implements ActionListener{ @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } } */ }
Java计算带括号加减乘除表达式类的实现:
package Calculator; import java.util.*; /* *使用此类直接调用evaluateExpression方法即可,传入需计算的表达式,返回计算结果 */ public class Calculate { //这个函数的作用就是使用空格分割字符串,以便后面使用分割函数使得将字符串分割成数组 public String insetBlanks(String s) { String result = ""; for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) { if (s.charAt(i) == '(' || s.charAt(i) == ')' || s.charAt(i) == '+' || s.charAt(i) == '-' || s.charAt(i) == '*' || s.charAt(i) == '/') result += " " + s.charAt(i) + " "; else result += s.charAt(i); } return result; } public double evaluateExpression(String expression) { Stack<Double> operandStack = new Stack<>(); Stack<Character> operatorStack = new Stack<>(); expression = insetBlanks(expression); String[] tokens = expression.split(" "); for (String token : tokens) { if (token.length() == 0) //如果是空格的话就继续循环,什么也不操作 continue; //如果是加减的话,因为加减的优先级最低,因此这里的只要遇到加减号,无论操作符栈中的是什么运算符都要运算 else if (token.charAt(0) == '+' || token.charAt(0) == '-') { //当栈不是空的,并且栈中最上面的一个元素是加减乘除的人任意一个 while (!operatorStack.isEmpty()&&(operatorStack.peek() == '-' || operatorStack.peek() == '+' || operatorStack.peek() == '/' || operatorStack.peek() == '*')) { processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack); //开始运算 } operatorStack.push(token.charAt(0)); //运算完之后将当前的运算符入栈 } //当前运算符是乘除的时候,因为优先级高于加减,因此要判断最上面的是否是乘除,如果是乘除就运算,否则的话直接入栈 else if (token.charAt(0) == '*' || token.charAt(0) == '/') { while (!operatorStack.isEmpty()&&(operatorStack.peek() == '/' || operatorStack.peek() == '*')) { processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack); } operatorStack.push(token.charAt(0)); //将当前操作符入栈 } //如果是左括号的话直接入栈,什么也不用操作,trim()函数是用来去除空格的,由于上面的分割操作可能会令操作符带有空格 else if (token.trim().charAt(0) == '(') { operatorStack.push('('); } //如果是右括号的话,清除栈中的运算符直至左括号 else if (token.trim().charAt(0) == ')') { while (operatorStack.peek() != '(') { processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack); //开始运算 } operatorStack.pop(); //这里的是运算完之后清除左括号 } //这里如果是数字的话直接如数据的栈 else { operandStack.push(Double.parseDouble(token)); //将数字字符串转换成数字然后压入栈中 } } //最后当栈中不是空的时候继续运算,知道栈中为空即可 while (!operatorStack.isEmpty()) { processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack); } return operandStack.pop(); //此时数据栈中的数据就是运算的结果 } //这个函数的作用就是处理栈中的两个数据,然后将栈中的两个数据运算之后将结果存储在栈中 public void processAnOperator(Stack<Double> operandStack, Stack<Character> operatorStack) { char op = operatorStack.pop(); //弹出一个操作符 Double op1 = operandStack.pop(); //从存储数据的栈中弹出连个两个数用来和操作符op运算 Double op2 = operandStack.pop(); if (op == '+') //如果操作符为+就执行加运算 operandStack.push(op1 + op2); else if (op == '-') operandStack.push(op2 - op1); //因为这个是栈的结构,自然是上面的数字是后面的,因此用op2-op1 else if (op == '*') operandStack.push(op1 * op2); else if (op == '/') operandStack.push(op2 / op1); } }
主函数:
package Calculator; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Calculator calculator=new Calculator(); } }
设计实现展示
可以随意缩小放大界面,界面部件会跟随界面大小自适应调整。
其他功能
目前实现了标准型计算,科学型计算更加复杂,实现了界面,没有计算功能,后续可能会继续开发,敬请期待。
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