一、nacos是什么？
Nacos是用来发现、配置和管理微服务。Nacos提供了一组简单易用的特性集，帮助快速实现动态服务发现、服务配置、服务元数据及流量管理。
二、使用步骤
1.安装nacos 服务器
直接运行 startup.cmd 访问 localhost:8848/nacos
初始密码 nacos nacos
2.导入依赖和配置yaml
父项目依赖pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.csdn</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud_nacos</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>springcloud_share_6002</module>
<module>springcloud_user_6001</module>
<module>springcloud_common</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.16</lombok.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<logback-core.version>1.2.3</logback-core.version>
<mysql-connector-java.version>8.0.21</mysql-connector-java.version>
<druid.version>1.1.23</druid.version>
<mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version>2.1.4</mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version>
<spring-boot-dependencies.version>2.3.8.RELEASE</spring-boot-dependencies.version>
<spring-cloud-dependencies.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring-cloud-dependencies.version>
<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.3.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
<swagger.version>2.7.0</swagger.version>
<pagehelper.version>1.2.3</pagehelper.version>
<jodatime.version>2.10.1</jodatime.version>
<jjwt.version>0.10.7</jjwt.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--很重要的包：springcloud的依赖-->
<!-- <scope>import</scope>解决单继承问题，类似parent标签， -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud-dependencies.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring-cloud-alibaba-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--springboot-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot-dependencies.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--数据库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql-connector-java.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据源-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis的springboot启动器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志测试-->
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--log4j-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>${logback-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>${swagger.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger ui-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>${swagger.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--druid alibaba-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--日期时间工具-->
<dependency>
<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>${jodatime.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JWT -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
<version>${jjwt.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
<version>${jjwt.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
<version>${jjwt.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<!--打包插件-->
</build>
</project>
在需要被nacos发现的微服务个module加上nacos依赖
<!--服务注册-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
springcloud_common的pom依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud_nacos</artifactId>
<groupId>com.csdn</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>springcloud_common</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--swagger-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--spring默认使用yml中的配置，但有时候要用传统的xml或properties配置，就需要使用spring-boot-configuration-processor了-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--服务注册-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--服务容错-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--feign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- JWT -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2Config {
/**
* 定义接口的总体信息
*
* @return
*/
private ApiInfo webApiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("Swagger API 文档")
.description("即使再小的帆也能远航")
.version("1.0")
.contact(new Contact("liar", "http://www.jsxllht.com", "**********6@qq.com"))
.build();
}
private ApiInfo adminApiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("Swagger Admin 文档")
.description("即使再小的帆也能远航")
.version("1.0")
.contact(new Contact("liar", "http://www.jsxllht.com", "**********6@qq.co"))
.build();
}
@Bean
public Docket webApiConfig() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.groupName("webApi") // 用户组
.apiInfo(webApiInfo()) // 组的信息
.select()
//只显示api路径下的页面
.paths(Predicates.and(PathSelectors.regex("/api/.*"))) // 用户接口的判断
.build();
}
@Bean
public Docket adminApiConfig() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.groupName("adminApi") // 管路⚪组
.apiInfo(adminApiInfo()) // 组的信息
.select()
//只显示admin路径下的页面
.paths(Predicates.and(PathSelectors.regex("/admin/.*")))
.build();
}
}
/**
* 业务异常类
*/
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class AppException extends RuntimeException{
private String code;
private String message;
public AppException(ResponseEnum responseEnum){
this.code = responseEnum.getCode();
this.message = responseEnum.getMessage();
}
}
// 这是一个controller 的增强类【专门在controller 抛出异常的时候 增强】
@ControllerAdvice
public class ControllerExceptionAdvice {
/**
* 如果抛出的是 AppException 的增强
* 返回值 就是返回的页面
* 参数： controller 抛出的异常
*/
@ExceptionHandler(AppException.class)
@ResponseBody
public R appExceptionHandler(AppException ex, HttpServletRequest request){
return new R(ex.getCode(),ex.getMessage(),null);
}
/**
* 如果抛出的是Exception 的增强
*/
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
@ResponseBody
public R exceptionHandler(Exception ex, HttpServletRequest request){
ex.printStackTrace();
return new R(ResponseEnum.SYSTEM_ERROR,null);
}
}
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
// 创建统一的返回格式
public class R<T> {
private String code;
private String message;
private T data;
public R(ResponseEnum responseEnum, T data) {
this.code = responseEnum.getCode();
this.message = responseEnum.getMessage();
this.data = data;
}
}
public enum ResponseEnum {
SUCCESS("200","成功003"),
USERNAME_NOT_FOUND("300","用户名不存在"),
USERNAME_OR_PASSWORD_INVALIDATE("301","用户名或者密码错误"),
ROLE_NO_MENUS("302","此角色没有任何菜单权限，请尽早分配"),
HAS_NO_TOKEN("303","还没有登录"),
TOKEN_ERROR("304","别想试图伪造令牌"),
TOKEN_TIMEOUT("305","对不起登录状态已经失效，请重新登录"),
HAS_NO_RIGHT("306","权限不足"),
SYSTEM_ERROR("500","发生未知异常。。。"),
FEIGN_BSUY("307","系统正忙，稍后再试。。"),
FLOW_BLOCK("308","流量被限制了，请稍后再使"),
DEG_BLOCK("309","系统很忙，稍后再试。。。"),
SMS_ERROR("310","短信发送失败，请稍后再试。。。"),
SMS_SEND_ERROR_BUSINESS_LIMIT_CONTROL("311","发送短信太频繁，过会再发。。。"),
CODE_ERROR("312","验证码错误请重试"),
CODE_EXCPTION("313","验证码超时"),
ACCOUNT_NO_EXISTS("314","用户不存在"),
STATUS_BE_MODIFIED("315","用户已被审核")
;
private String code;
private String message;
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
ResponseEnum(String code, String message) {
this.code = code;
this.message = message;
}
}
springcloud_user_6001的yaml（在注册中心服务的名字 不能一样）
server:
port: 6001
#数据源
spring:
datasource:
druid:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hub_user_center?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password: 123456
initial-size: 10
max-active: 50
min-idle: 10
max-wait: 60000
pool-prepared-statements: true
max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20
# mysql 数据库的特征 会关闭已经连接了8个小时的连接
validation-query: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
application:
name: user-6001
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
# mybatis 配置
mybatis:
# 扫描映射文件
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
configuration:
# 开启驼峰映射配置
map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
# log
# 整个工程只答应info 以及以上级别的日志
logging:
level:
root: info
com.csqf.mapper: debug
springcloud_share_6002的yaml（在注册中心服务的名字 不能一样）
server:
port: 6002
#数据源
spring:
datasource:
druid:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hub_share_center?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password: 123456
initial-size: 10
max-active: 50
min-idle: 10
max-wait: 60000
pool-prepared-statements: true
max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20
# mysql 数据库的特征 会关闭已经连接了8个小时的连接
validation-query: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
application:
name: share-6002
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
# mybatis 配置
mybatis:
# 扫描映射文件
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
configuration:
# 开启驼峰映射配置
map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
# log
# 整个工程只答应info 以及以上级别的日志
logging:
level:
root: info
com.csqf.mapper: debug
2.RestTemplate
RestTemplate是Spring Resources中一个访问第三方RESTful API接口的网络请求框架。RestTemplate的设计原则和其他Spring Template(例如JdbcTemplate、JmsTemplate)类!，都是为执行复杂任务提供了一个具有默认行为的简单方法。
设置RestTemplate为Bean
springcloud_user_6001中写一个查询方法代码如下（示例）：
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public String getUserById(Integer id) {
User user = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
if ("".equals(user)){
return "";
}
return user.getUserName();
}
}
在springcloud_share_6002写一个DTO（示例）：
继承Share实力类，加上user中返回的userName
@Data
public class ShareDto extends Share {
private String userName;
}
在springcloud_share_6002中使用RestTemplate调用user并得到userName
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/share")
public class ShareContoller {
@Autowired
private ShareServiceImpl shareService;
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public R getShareById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
Share share = shareService.getShareById(id);
R r = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:6001/api/user/" + share.getUserId(), R.class);
String s = r.getData().toString();
ShareDto shareDto = new ShareDto();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(share,shareDto);
shareDto.setUserName(s);
return new R(ResponseEnum.SUCCESS,shareDto);
}
}
最后访问swagger（http://localhost:6002/swagger-ui.html）测试得到dto实体类中的对象
总结
nacos的作用就是一个注册中心，用来管理注册上来的各个微服务。
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