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2022
08-12

java SpringSecurity使用详解

SpringSecurity

shrio，SpringSecurity：认证，授权（VIP1，vip2…）

  • 功能权限
  • 访问权限
  • 菜单权限
  • 拦截器，过滤器：大量的原生代码，冗余

1、pom.xml

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<!--Thymeleaf-->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
           <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
           <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
       </dependency>

简介

Spring Security是针对Spring项目的安全框架，也是Spring Boot底层安全模块默认的技术选型，他可以实现强大的Web安全控制，对于安全控制,我们仅需要引入Spring-boot-starter-security模块，进行少量的配置,即可实现强大的安全管理!
记住几个类:

  • WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter: 自定义Security策略
  • AuthenticationManagerBuilder:自定义认证策略
  • @EnableWebSecurity: 开启WebSecurity模式 @Enablexxxx 开启某个功能

Spring Security的两个主要目标是“认证”和“授权”(访问控制) .

“认证”(Authentication)
“授权”(Authorization)
这个概念是通用的，而不是只在Spring Security中存在。

1、pom.xml

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<!--security-->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
       </dependency>

2、Security的controller

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package com.kuang.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
/*权限验证的配置类，要先继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter*/
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig  extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    //定义访问规则：首页每个人都可以访问，但是功能也只有特定权限的人才能访问   链式编程
    //授权
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
                .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
                .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
        //没有权限默认跳转到登陆页面  /login
        http.formLogin();
    }
    //认证
    /* 密码编码： BCryptPasswordEncoder()
    不编码会报下面的错误
    * java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id "null"
    * */
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
                .withUser("qin").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("111")).roles("vip1","vip2","vip3")
                .and()
                .withUser("aaa").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("111")).roles("vip1");
    }
}

3、路径转发的controller

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package com.kuang.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
@Controller
public class PathController {
    @GetMapping({"/","index"})    //"/""index"都会去到index.html
    public String Toindex(){
        return "index";
    }
    @GetMapping("/toLogin")
    public String Tologin(){
        return "views/login";
    }
    @GetMapping("/level1/{id}")    //@PathVariable获得url的占位符里面的值
    public String ToView(@PathVariable("id")int id){
        return "views/level1/"+id;
    }
    @GetMapping("/level2/{id}")
    public String ToView2(@PathVariable("id")int id){
        return "views/level2/"+id;
    }
    @GetMapping("/level3/{id}")
    public String ToView3(@PathVariable("id")int id){
        return "views/level3/"+id;
    }
}

当然也可以在数据库中拿信息

源码分析

没有权限的话会自动转发到/login

//没有权限默认跳转到登陆页面 /login
http.formLogin();

//开启注销
http.logout();

注销及权限控制

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<!--thymeleof整合security-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
        </dependency>
xmlns:sec=http://www.thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security 

用spring-security实现用户登录后显示用户角色的信息

1、导入依赖thymeleof整合security

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<!--thymeleof整合security-->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
           <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
       </dependency>

2、html命名空间

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<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security">

3、根据用户的登录状态进行判断显示该有的信息

4、根据源码写表单name属性

5、实现有什么权限显示什么样的信息

6、注销logout-404

总结

本篇文章就到这里了，希望能够给你带来帮助，也希望您能够多多关注自学编程网的更多内容！

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