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2020
10-08

TensorFlow Autodiff自动微分详解

如下所示:

with tf.GradientTape(persistent=True) as tape:
 z1 = f(w1, w2 + 2.)
 z2 = f(w1, w2 + 5.)
 z3 = f(w1, w2 + 7.)
 z = [z1,z3,z3]
[tape.gradient(z, [w1, w2]) for z in (z1, z2, z3)]

输出结果

[[<tf.Tensor: id=56906, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=40.0>,
 <tf.Tensor: id=56898, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=10.0>],
 [<tf.Tensor: id=56919, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=46.0>,
 <tf.Tensor: id=56911, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=10.0>],
 [<tf.Tensor: id=56932, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=50.0>,
 <tf.Tensor: id=56924, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=10.0>]]
with tf.GradientTape(persistent=True) as tape:
 z1 = f(w1, w2 + 2.)
 z2 = f(w1, w2 + 5.)
 z3 = f(w1, w2 + 7.)
 z = [z1,z2,z3]
tape.gradient(z, [w1, w2])

输出结果

[<tf.Tensor: id=57075, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=136.0>,

<tf.Tensor: id=57076, shape=(), dtype=float32, numpy=30.0>]

总结:如果对一个listz=[z1,z2,z3]求微分,其结果将自动求和,而不是返回z1、z2和z3各自对[w1,w2]的微分。

补充知识:Python/Numpy 矩阵运算符号@

如下所示:

A = np.matrix('3 1; 8 2')

B = np.matrix('6 1; 7 9')

A@B
matrix([[25, 12],
  [62, 26]])

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